{"id":18,"date":"2020-11-19T14:35:23","date_gmt":"2020-11-19T14:35:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/superoxide-dismutase.eu\/?p=18"},"modified":"2021-01-04T14:23:14","modified_gmt":"2021-01-04T14:23:14","slug":"dpph-method","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/superoxide-dismutase.eu\/nl\/dpph-methode\/","title":{"rendered":"DPPH-methode"},"content":{"rendered":"

CELBESCHADIGINGEN EN ROS<\/b><\/h2>\n

Schade aan cellen wordt veroorzaakt door Reactieve Zuurstofsoorten (ROS). ROS zijn vrije radicalen, reactieve anionen met zuurstofatomen of zuurstofhoudende moleculen die in staat zijn om vrije radicalen te genereren. Enkele voorbeelden zijn hydroxylradicalen, superoxide en waterstofperoxide.<\/p>\n

De belangrijkste bron van ROS in vivo is de a\u00ebrobe ademhaling, maar ROS worden ook geproduceerd tijdens de b\u00e8taoxidatie van vetzuren, in het xenobiotische verbindingen metabolisme door cytochroom P450, in fagocytose stimulatie van ziekteverwekkers of lipopolysacchariden, enz. ROS en oxidatieve stress in het algemeen zijn betrokken bij sommige chronische aandoeningen zoals Alzheimer en Parkinson, kanker en veroudering.<\/p>\n

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DE SUPEROXIDE RADICAAL<\/b><\/h2>\n

Uitgaande van een O2-molecuul en het toevoegen van een elektron aan de externe orbitale het reductieproduct van moleculaire zuurstof: het superoxide anion (O2 .- ). Het wordt geproduceerd tijdens de oxidatieve fosforylering, door enzymen (d.w.z. xanthine oxidase) en leukocyten. Door zijn toxiciteit hebben alle a\u00ebrobe organismen verschillende isovormen van het antagonistenenzym ontwikkeld: het superoxide dismutase (SOD). SOD is een zeer effici\u00ebnt enzym dat in staat is om het superoxide anion te combineren met twee H+ die de dismutatiereactie katalyseren door middel van een op metaal gebaseerde co-factor die H2O2 en O2 als eindproduct oplevert. Als het superoxide anion niet goed en snel wordt ge\u00efnactiveerd, kan het schade aan de lipiden, eiwitten en DNA van de membranen veroorzaken.<\/p>\n

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ENZYMATISCHE INACTIVERING VAN HET SUPEROXIDE <\/b><\/h2>\n

Onder normale omstandigheden worden ROS in ons lichaam ge\u00efnactiveerd door middel van enzymen zoals superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) en glutathionperoxidase (GPx). SOD is een belangrijk enzym dat in staat is om de superoxide radicaal te inactiveren, een van de meest reactieve en dus gevaarlijkste radicaalsoorten.<\/p>\n

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DE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE ENZ. <\/b><\/h2>\n

Om de schadelijke effecten van ROS te verminderen, hebben cellen verschillende defensieve strategie\u00ebn ontwikkeld, waaronder enzymatische en niet-enzymatische systemen. Gezien de antioxiderende enzymen spelen sommige daarvan een preventieve rol bij het direct elimineren van ROS. Onder deze enzymen is superoxide dismutase de eerste verdedigingslinie die het superoxide anion verwijdert, de eerste en meest reactieve radicaal die door moleculaire zuurstof wordt afgeleid. SOD is daarom een van de belangrijkste antioxidant defensieve systeem aanwezig in bijna alle cellen blootgesteld aan zuurstof. De SOD gekatalyseerde reactie is een dismutatie met een tweede-orde kinetische gebaseerd op de volgende halfreacties:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

DPPH-methode <\/b><\/h2>\n

De antiradicale capaciteit is beoordeeld met behulp van de DPPH-methode. Het monster wordt in een geconcentreerde oplossing van een standaard vrije radicaal (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) geplaatst en de concentratie ervan wordt gemeten via spectrofotometrie om het vermogen van het fytocomplex om de radicalen te doven te beoordelen. Superox-D heeft een hoog antiradicaal vermogen als gevolg van afschrikkingsmechanismen.<\/p>\n

16 plooien meer antiradicaal in vergelijking met meloen<\/p>\n

37 plooien meer antiradicaal in vergelijking met SOD van meloen<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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REFERENTIES<\/b><\/h3>\n

Doddigarla Z Correlatie van de serumspiegels van chroom, zink, magnesium en SOD met HbA1c in type 2 diabetes: Een dwarsdoorsnedeanalyse. Diabetesmetabolisme. 2016 Jan-Mar;10(1 Suppl. 1):S126-9. doi: 10.1.<\/p>\n

Vouldoukis I, Conti M, Krauss P, et al. Supplementatie met gliadine-gecombineerd plantaardig superoxide dismutase extract bevordert de antioxidatieve afweer en beschermt tegen oxidatieve stress. Fytother Res. 2004 Dec;18(12):957-62.<\/p>\n

Vouldoukis I, Lacan D, Kamate C, et al. Antioxidant en anti-inflammatoire eigenschappen van een Cucumis melo LC. extract rijk aan superoxide dismutase activiteit. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004 Sep;94(1):67-75.<\/p>\n

Muth CM, Glenz Y, Klaus M, et al. Invloed van een oraal effectieve SOD op hyperbare zuurstofgerelateerde celschade. Free Radic Res. 2004 Sep;38(9):927-32.<\/p>\n

Barouki R. Verouderende vrije radicalen en cellulaire stress. Med Sci (Parijs). 2006 Mar;22(3):266-72.<\/p>\n

Faraci FM, Didion SP. Vasculaire bescherming: superoxide dismutase isovormen in de vaatwand. Arteriosclercler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004 Aug;24(8):1367-73.<\/p>\n

Fukai T, Folz RJ, Landmesser U, Harrison DG. Extracellulaire superoxide dismutase en hart- en vaatziekten. Cardiovasc Res. 2002 Aug 1;55(2):239-49.<\/p>\n

Petersen SV, Oury TD, Ostergaard L, et al. Extracellulaire superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) bindt aan type i collageen en beschermt tegen oxidatieve fragmentatie. J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 2;279(14):13705-10.<\/p>\n

Maier CM, Chan PH. Rol van superoxide dismutases in oxidatieve schade en neurodegeneratieve aandoeningen. Neurowetenschapper. 2002 aug;8(4):323-34.<\/p>\n

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Chung JM. De rol van reactieve zuurstofsoorten (ROS) bij aanhoudende pijn. Mol Interv. 2004 Okt;4(5):248-50.<\/p>\n

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Zawadzka-Bartczak E. Activiteiten van rode bloedcellen anti-oxidatieve enzymen (SOD, GPx) en totale anti-oxidatieve capaciteit van serum (TAS) bij mannen met coronaire atherosclerose en bij gezonde piloten. Med Sci Monit. 2005 Sep;11(9):CR440-4.<\/p>\n

Gow A, Ischiropoulos H. Super-SOD: superoxide dismutase chimera bestrijdt ontstekingen. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2003 Jun;284(6):L915-6.<\/p>\n

Flohe L. Superoxide dismutase voor therapeutisch gebruik: klinische ervaring, doodlopende wegen en hoop. Mol celbiochemie. 1988 Dec;84(2):123-31.<\/p>\n

Carlo MD, Jr., Loeser RF. Verhoogde oxidatieve stress met veroudering vermindert de overleving van chondrocyten: correlatie met intracellulaire glutathionspiegels. Artritis reuma. 2003 Dec;48(12):3419-30.<\/p>\n

Junqueira VB, Barros SB, Chan SS, et al. Veroudering en oxidatieve stress. Mol Aspecten Med. 2004 Feb;25(1-2):5-16.<\/p>\n

Vina J, Lloret A, Orti R, Alonso D. Moleculaire bases van de behandeling van de ziekte van Alzheimer met antioxidanten: preventie van oxidatieve stress. Mol Aspecten Med. 2004 Feb;25(1-2):117-23.<\/p>\n

Okada F, Shionoya H, Kobayashi M, et al. Preventie van ontstekingsgemedieerde verwerving van metastatische eigenschappen van goedaardige muisfibrosarcoomcellen door toediening van een oraal beschikbaar SOD. Br. J. Kanker. 2006 Mrt 27;94(6):854-62.<\/p>\n

Benedetti S, Lamorgese A, Piersantelli M, Pagliarani S, Benvenuti F, Canestrari F. Oxidatieve stress en antioxidantstatus bij pati\u00ebnten die langdurig worden blootgesteld aan hyperbare zuurstof. Clin Biochem. 2004 Apr;37(4):312-7.<\/p>\n

Dennog C, Radermacher P, Barnett YA, Speit G. Antioxidant status bij mensen na blootstelling aan hyperbare zuurstof. Mutat Res. 1999 Jul 16;428(1-2):83-9.<\/p>\n

Levin ED. Extracellulaire superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) blust vrije radicalen en verzwakt leeftijdsgebonden cognitieve achteruitgang: mogelijkheden voor de ontwikkeling van nieuwe geneesmiddelen bij het ouder worden. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2005 Apr;2(2):191-6. R<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CELL DAMAGES AND ROS Cell damages are induced by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). ROS are free radicals, reactive anions containing oxygen atoms or\u00a0oxygen containing molecules able to generate free radicals. Some examples are hydroxyl radical, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Main source of ROS in vivo is aerobic respiration, but ROS are also produced during beta-oxidation […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1494,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"\nDPPH Method - Superoxide Dismutase<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cell damages are induced by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). 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ROS zijn vrije radicalen, reactieve anionen met zuurstofatomen of zuurstofhoudende moleculen die in staat zijn om vrije radicalen te genereren. 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